A Level Economics AQA Practice Exam

In economic theory, what is the primary reason for resource allocation?

1. To maximize social welfare

2. To maintain steady growth

3. To answer the questions of what and how to produce

4. To enhance trading relationships

The correct answer is: To answer the questions of what and how to produce

The primary reason for resource allocation in economic theory revolves around addressing the fundamental questions of what to produce and how to produce it. This reflects the need to efficiently distribute scarce resources to meet the varied wants and needs of society. In a world with limited resources, decisions must be made regarding which goods and services should be produced, in what quantities, and through which methods of production. This basic economic problem arises because resources are finite, and societies must decide the best way to utilize them to satisfy consumer demands. The process of resource allocation involves assessing preferences, costs, and benefits to determine the most efficient production combinations and the goods that will best serve societal needs. By answering what and how to produce, economies can work towards efficient production and distribution mechanisms, enhancing overall economic performance. While maximizing social welfare, maintaining steady growth, and enhancing trading relationships are important objectives in economics, they are more outcomes of effective resource allocation rather than the primary purpose behind it. The core focus remains on the decisions that determine the allocation of resources to produce goods and services.